What is the first step in conducting a scientific investigation?

• A. State the problem to be solved
• B. Collect data
• C. Form a hypothesis
• D. Decide on a method

Answer: (A)

The first step is to state the problem or question the investigation aims to answer. This gives a clear focus for the entire study and tells you what counts as evidence. When you have a specific problem, you know what you’re trying to find out, which guides what you observe, what you measure, and what would count as a solved question.

From there, you plan how to investigate, decide on an appropriate method, and design experiments or observations. A hypothesis is a tentative explanation you test, and data collection follows once the plan is in place. So the others come after the problem is defined, because the problem shapes the method, the hypotheses, and the data you collect.